Eventos Anais de eventos
COBEM 2023
27th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering
FUTURE ENERGY SOURCES OF MOBILE DRIVE SYSTEMS
Submission Author:
Christian Heikel , Germany , Germany
Co-Authors:
Christian Heikel, Ralf Förster
Presenter: Christian Heikel
doi://10.26678/ABCM.COBEM2023.COB2023-2388
Abstract
This article shows that the need to replace fossil fuels varies from region to region. In Europe, the focus is currently on CO2 neutrality. However, in addition to these environmental reasons, security of supply and cost are becoming increasingly important. There are several types of renewable fuels. These include bio-oil (biodiesel) and bio-ethanol. On the other hand, "green" electricity from wind, water and solar power is becoming increasingly popular. The electricity is used directly in battery-powered vehicles or converted into green hydrogen, green methane or synthetic petrol (e-fuels). In addition to carbon emissions, energy availability and cost are important. A good example is the use of bioethanol in Brazil. Alcohol-based fuels have been used in Brazil for decades because of availability and price. In sunny or windy regions, the production of green hydrogen is interesting. Green hydrogen can be used directly in aircraft engines, internal combustion engines or fuel cells. As Porsche is demonstrating in Chile, it is possible to convert hydrogen into e-fuels on a large industrial scale. In addition to these considerations, political aspects are important. The direct use of solar and wind power in passenger cars is very popular in the EU. There are more and more battery electric vehicles (BEVs) on the market. BEVs have the best possible efficiency. Renewable electricity is stored in batteries with little loss, and the electric motors are highly efficient. The intermittency of solar and wind power is a problem in this respect. A major problem is that battery capacity is too small to compensate for these fluctuations. The cost of batteries is also immense. For this reason, BEVs are subsidised by governments. At present, BEV sales in the EU are no longer growing at a progressive rate. One reason for this is the reduction in government subsidies. This also shows the importance of economic aspects. The fuels of the future will be diverse. This paper shows that the almost exclusive focus on BEVs in Europe is globally inappropriate. Depending on the region and social acceptance, different types of conventional and "green" energies will coexist. Aircraft engines, internal combustion engines and fuel cells run on fossil fuels and renewable substitutes. Depending on energy availability and costs, the direct use of green electricity in battery-powered vehicles will increase.
Keywords
Alternative fuels, e-fuels, bio ethanol, bio hydrogen, biodiesel, Power-to-gas, power to liquid
