Eventos Anais de eventos
COBEM 2023
27th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY BETWEEN ABLATIVE MATERIALS AND SPECIAL ALLOYS APPLIED IN THE ROCKET ENGINE.
Submission Author:
Willem Nascimento , SE
Co-Authors:
Willem Nascimento, Luiz Claudio Pardini
Presenter: Willem Nascimento
doi://10.26678/ABCM.COBEM2023.COB2023-2313
Abstract
The aerospace sector is of fundamental importance for the development of humanity, it was through knowledge and space exploration that today many good things happen, improving people's lives, for instance: internet via satellite, where people from the most distant places of our planet can communicate. It is also used for climate monitoring, communication, autonomous navigation, transport, among other varied applications. This was possible due to the development of new materials that comply with design requirements. It is important to point out that many of equipment that are employed in the aerospace sector suffer the effects of various phenomena: physical, chemical, aerodynamic, thermodynamic phenomena, among others, with emphasis on the extremely high temperature to which the rocket is subjected, for exemplo, when launching satellites or taking supplies for the space station, as well as the astronauts' protective capsule during re-entry, as a result of aerodynamic friction, friction with atmospheric gases, makes the temperature of the structure to increase significantly, mainly rocket attack board. Another example is the nozzles of rocket propulsion engines, the gases from burning of propellant and the drag make it necessary a thermal protection system due the erosion caused by the flow of gases. For these applications, conventional materials can not be used as result of the thermal degradation, which can cause catastrophic failures. Therefore, a thermal protection system (TPS) is necessary. Within the classes of materials that attend design requirements, stand out the ablative materials stand through of the ablation process, this class of materials resists very well to severe temperature environments and the erosive action of gases from combustion. At the moment, are also using special alloys like is the case of Space X. The present study investigated, based on the literature and normative parameters, the main materials for this type of application, showing the mian phenomena: physical, thermal, chemical among others, and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of traditional ablative materials and the special metallic alloys currently employed by Space-X. Therefore, it is concluded that the special metal alloy has the advantage of being reused differently ablative materials, In addition th that, it presents a cost reduction in the space exploration.
Keywords
ablative materials, nozzles, Nickel Super Alloy, Regenerative cooling, rocket engine
