Eventos Anais de eventos
COBEM 2023
27th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering
Life cycle impact assessment of different scenarios for biogas use in internal combustion engine
Submission Author:
Maria dos Reis Santos Borges , DF , Brazil
Co-Authors:
Maria dos Reis Santos Borges, Sandra Luz
Presenter: Maria dos Reis Santos Borges
doi://10.26678/ABCM.COBEM2023.COB2023-1768
Abstract
Although biogas is an alternative to fossil fuels from an environmental, and economic social point of view, there are some challenges to incorporating it into the Brazilian context. Therefore, to increase the employability of the biogas obtained from cattle manure on a Brazilian farm, a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was carried out, adopting 1 MJ of energy as a functional unit. Three different scenarios including upgrading technologies are proposed: Scenario 1 – Pressure Swing Adsorption; Scenario 2 – Membrane Separation; Scenario 3 – High-Pressure Water Scrubbing. The Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) phase used the CML 2001 method, adopting the Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification Potential (AP), and Eutrophication Potential (EP) impact categories. As a result, the PSA upgrade, used in scenario 1, has the most impact on GWP, considering that this technology has the highest CO2 emissions. Overall, the technologies employed in scenarios 2 and 3 had similar environmental impacts in AP and EP. The biogas production phase played a significant role in all scenarios due to emissions associated with farming methods. However, different upgrade techniques have been shown to have even lesser impacts than using them to generate electricity, which is generally the most common application for biogas.
Keywords
Biogas, Life Cycle Assessment, Renewable Natural Gas, biomethane, Internal combustion engine
