Eventos Anais de eventos
COBEM 2023
27th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering
Analysis of a thermal-photovoltaic system with glycerin-based phase change material employed in Curitiba.
Submission Author:
Danniella Rosa , PR
Co-Authors:
Danniella Rosa, Marco Antonio Bertogna, Maria José Jerônimo de Santana Ponte, JOSÉ VIRIATO COELHO VARGAS, Stephan Hennings Och
Presenter: Danniella Rosa
doi://10.26678/ABCM.COBEM2023.COB2023-1471
Abstract
The production of electrical energy from solar energy has risen substantially in the last few decades. However, when using photovoltaic cells for this transformation, it was found that their efficiency was low when compared to more traditional sources of conversion into electricity. Currently, the efficiency peaks at 19.2% for polycrystalline silicon modules and 22.9% for monocrystalline ones in tests conducted in controlled ambient. These low values are a result of the natural Shockley–Queisser limit. The heating of the cells also reduces that efficiency in approximately 0.4%/°C in crystalline silicon panels. Thus, this study has the objective of analyzing different variations of a hybrid photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) system with a phase change material (PCM) in order to reduce the operational temperature in diverse configurations and measuring conditions. The chosen configurations are: standard hybrid PVT system with the passage of water below the panel; hybrid PVT system with a phase-change material (glycerin) reservoir below it and the thermal water system at the bottom (PVT+PCM); hybrid phase-change material (gliceryn) with an inversion of the cooling systems, with the water placed above the phase-chance material reservoir (PVT+PCM-I). Tests were conducted in the city of Curitiba-PR for the above-mentioned models, as well as a panel with no cooling. It is a city with high temperature amplitude, allowing experiments in a large array of conditions. A parametric mathematical model utilizing the least-square method was made for all the configurations. The results obtained after analyzing the three systems suggest that the PVT+PCM-I configuration brought a more significant temperature reduction than the other two. In all cases, the variation of the open circuit tension mirrors the variation in temperature: as the temperature increases, the tension is reduced, as is expected. The raise of the water’s temperature was superior for the configurations with the thermal system immediately below the photovoltaic panel. The mathematical model showed itself coherent for all cases, with an average error lower than 2% for all of them. The parameters found for the models showed a coherent order of magnitude.
Keywords
glycerin, Phase Change Material, Efficiency, photovoltaic, Thermal Energy
