Eventos Anais de eventos
COBEM 2023
27th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering
Hydrogen liquefaction, a review of the ongoing methods and a critical analysis of the current studies
Submission Author:
Jhonatta Casagrande Bordignon , SC
Co-Authors:
Jhonatta Casagrande Bordignon, Tamayo Zanforlin Pires de Almeida Motta Dias, yogan Felipe Sganzerla, Guilherme Fidelis Peixer, Jaime Lozano, Jader Riso Barbosa Jr.
Presenter: Jhonatta Casagrande Bordignon
doi://10.26678/ABCM.COBEM2023.COB2023-1419
Abstract
Human activity has severely affected the environment over the last centuries, with consequences that range from air and water pollution to global warming. The decarbonization of several sectors is fundamental for long-term sustainability of the planet. Hydrogen plays a key role and can have a significant impact in different sectors, such as energy and transportation, and for that, the demand for hydrogen technologies has grown considerably in the past years. However, challengers caused by the lack of technological maturity and development of these technologies still prevent them to achieve the expected decarbonation potential. Among these challengers, one of the most important are related to the difficult of hydrogen transportation and storage, given its low density. There are several possibilities to overcome that, being one of the promising alternatives the liquification of hydrogen, a process which is already employed for a long-haul transportation of other substances such as Natural gas. The main advantage of the process relies on the large increase in density, which is achieved with liquefaction, the preservation of hydrogen which is required by many applications, the flexibility in transportation and the lack of presence of toxic substance in the process. However, since the phase-change occurs at extremely low temperatures, 20 K, liquefaction-methods are still currently expansive, both regarding capital and operational costs. Therefore, research and development are being carried by several industrial and academic institutions, seeking to reduce the costs of the process. Hence, the present work seeks to investigate, report, summarize and discuss the principal cycles and prototypes that have purposed for the liquefaction of hydrogen, both through conventional cooling techniques and via not-in-kind technologies, with magnetic refrigeration. The results include prototypes and plants which were reported on scientific journal and conferences, patents, and intellectual property documents. Different optimization techniques, system architecture, components design, and innovative solutions have been reported in the literature, even though most of the work developed consists of conceptual plants and sufficient details for a proper evaluation of the cycles are not always available. Hence, both installed and conceptual plants were evaluated where it was focused on strategies employed to enhance the main performance metrics of the systems such as efficiency, liquid hydrogen production per day, coefficient of performance and energy consumption decrease during the process.
Keywords
Decarbonization, Liquification of Hydrogen, Liquefaction-methods, Reduce the Costs, Optimization, Performance Metrics
