Eventos Anais de eventos
COBEM 2023
27th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering
An overview and a comparative analysis of the main technologies for hydrogen storage
Submission Author:
Tamayo Zanforlin Pires de Almeida Motta Dias , SC
Co-Authors:
Tamayo Zanforlin Pires de Almeida Motta Dias, Jhonatta Casagrande Bordignon, yogan Felipe Sganzerla, Guilherme Fidelis Peixer, Jaime Lozano, Jader Riso Barbosa Jr.
Presenter: Tamayo Zanforlin Pires de Almeida Motta Dias
doi://10.26678/ABCM.COBEM2023.COB2023-1337
Abstract
Every aspect of human life depends on energy. Fossil fuels have been the main source of energy since the industrial revolution, and during the last few decades, the unregulated and unrestrained utilization of this source resulted in numerous environmental hazards. As a counteract the development of new proposals and alternatives for clean energy have been made. Despite the difficulties associated with its production, storage, and transportation, hydrogen appears to be a promising new environmentally friendly energy source and a great candidate to replace fossil fuels, since it has already been used successfully as rocket fuel for years. Nonetheless, the technology struggle with difficulties, such as, the large amounts of energy consumed before the effective usage of hydrogen, which decreases its energy efficiency and consequently one of its main advantages: its large amount of energy per mass, which surpasses all current fuels. The way hydrogen is stored directly affects the way it is transported and applied. Because of this, comparative analyses with current technologies and evaluations of their efficiencies are complex. Recent works have been developed aiming to improve existing storage methods, most commonly through compressed gas (GH2), liquid hydrogen (LH2), cryo-compressed hydrogen, liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs), cyclic agents and solid carriers. Each different method presents advantages over the others and gets increased attention depending on their final goal. Despite this, they also face a chain of hardships caused by a lack of research and a lack of investments in their projects. Furthermore, besides storage methods, other debates and analyses revolve around transportation. Nowadays, different approaches are being made, with the main one being the use of tanks, which will be carried by trucks or ships. Another approach is the utilization of liquid natural gas (LNG) pipes with adaptations. A comparative analysis of technologies in use and a proposal for how these difficulties will be overcome will be presented in this paper. This paper will also provide its prospects for improvement, the goals to be achieved, and a review of how they will be resolved.
Keywords
Clean energy, Hydrogen, Hydrogen Storage, comparative analysis, technology assessment
