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COBEM 2023
27th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering
Material selection for optimization of a radio-controlled aircraft spar using sandwich-type hybrid composites.
Submission Author:
Jeissiany Regonini Schineider , ES
Co-Authors:
Jeissiany Regonini Schineider, Ayrton Cavallini Zotelle
Presenter: Jeissiany Regonini Schineider
doi://10.26678/ABCM.COBEM2023.COB2023-1002
Abstract
The SAE Brazil AeroDesign challenges engineering students to design and build a radio-controlled aircraft, providing a knowledge exchange platform. Material selection is crucial in this process because the aircraft needs to align good mechanical resistance with low height and cost. The use of advanced composites, such as sandwich-type hybrid composites, in reinforced aircraft parts is growing due to their mechanical properties. This study aims to select the best sandwich composite material and its shape to size the structure of a radio-controlled aircraft's spar. Ashby's methodology was used to choose the best combination of core, resin, and fiber, and the digital logic approach is used to select the best material combination based on bending mechanical tests. The core was composed by balsa wood, while the resins were polyester and epoxy, and the fiber were carbon and glass fibre. The Schrenk approach was used to determine active forces on the wingspan, and structural tests were conducted to validate the material selection and size calculations. Based on these results, five mechanical properties were selected to represent the adopted design requirements: bending stress, shear stress, and modulus of elasticity were rated as provided to maximize spar strength and minimize deflection, while density and cost were appreciated as unsatisfactory properties to minimize mass and cost of the component. The box-type spar, composed of a balsa wood core coated with carbon fiber laminated with epoxy resin, was selected as the most suitable to meet the design requirements. The efficiency of the applied methodology was validated through developed simulations. The study demonstrates the importance of material selection in optimizing developed components used in the manufacturing of radio-controlled aircraft, as well as the effectiveness of Ashby's methodology and the weighted factor analyse in choosing the most suitable composite material to meet design requirements.
Keywords
material selection, Ashby's methology, Weighted factor Analyse
