Eventos Anais de eventos
COBEM 2023
27th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering
Development of a Device for Iliac Vein Clot Removal
Submission Author:
Vitória Bento Botelho , SP
Co-Authors:
Amanda Fernandes, Vitória Bento Botelho, Gabriel Felipe de Faria, Luiz Brumati, João de Sá Brasil Lima
Presenter: Vitória Bento Botelho
doi://10.26678/ABCM.COBEM2023.COB2023-0599
Abstract
The increase in cardiovascular disease in the world is a trend that has shown a growth in approximately 93 % of cases since 1990, reaching 550 million people with this health problem last year. In this scenario, the leading conditions causing the most deaths are coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke, both related to thrombosis. This disorder obstructs, totally or partially, the lumen of the arteries and veins, causing ischemia of the tissues that experience a decrease in oxygenation, an essential phenomenon for regulating cell function. Thrombosis can affect any blood vessel in the circulatory system. However, medical statistics show much venous thromboembolism (VTE) events, especially in the deep veins of the lower limbs. The treatment of this condition occurs mainly through pharmacological therapies or surgical procedures, depending on the severity of the diagnosis. This study focuses on a surgical method that removes the thrombus through catheterization called thrombectomy, which may use mechanical or suction techniques. Thus, this study aims to analyze the impacts of thrombectomy on the iliac vein drainage, a deep vessel affected mainly in people who present alternative anatomy known as May-Thurner syndrome. The approach adopted was the analysis through computational fluid dynamics (CFD), which solves the velocity and pressure fields of the flow via the Navier-Stokes equations, respecting the nonlinear deformation blood aspects modeled by the Carreau-Yasuda model. Initially, to validate the study, the geometry of the vein was modeled in SolidWorks® software under normal conditions to compare the results obtained with reference values from the medical literature. This model was used in ANSYS®, where the pulsatile blood flow was reproduced by a function containing the appropriate velocity profile input, considering a temperature of 310 K and an approximate volumetric flow rate of 0.70 L/min. In this study, the pressure and speed field of the flow was from the order of 6 mmHg and 15 to 104 cm/s, respectively, with a shear rate ranging from 0 to 20 Nm-2. Then, the blood clot and the catheter were introduced to the vein geometry and subjected to the same boundary conditions with different degrees of obstruction (30%, 50%, and 70%). The results made it possible to verify the conditions under which thrombectomy devices are used and propose improvements that benefit patient recovery.
Keywords
blood clot, thrombectomy device, biofluid dynamics, Computational Fluid Dynamics
