Eventos Anais de eventos
COBEF 2023
12th Brazilian Congress on Manufacturing Engineering
BONE PROPERTIES - A REVIEW FOR DRILLING APPLICATION
Submission Author:
Anna Carla Araujo , Occitanie , Brazil
Co-Authors:
Raafat HUSSEIN, Yann Landon, Anna Carla Araujo
Presenter: Administrador ABCM
doi://10.26678/ABCM.COBEF2023.COF23-0563
Abstract
Bone is the main organ of the skeletal system, composed of cells, collagenous fibers, non-collagenous proteins and minerals. The mechanical properties of bone maintain the shape of the body and transmit muscle contraction forces during movement. It is a dynamic, anisotropic, hierarchical, heterogeneous and time-dependent biological material. Its properties vary more than those of typical engineering materials due to various factors such as bone function, age, weight, and other characteristics. Bone has been shown to have high mechanical compressive properties as a highly calcified hard tissue. However, temperature and other factors affect the compressive strength and fracture morphology. Despite the high load-bearing capacity of bone due to its structurally optimized tissue, severe impact or trauma can weaken bone and cause fractures. Some types of fractures require internal fixation through surgical bone drilling. Orthopedic surgery exposes bones to higher stress and temperature, resulting in permanent or temporary damage. This can lead to certain healing complications and mechanical instability. Many researchers have investigated numerous factors to reduce heat generation and prevent osteonecrosis. These include processing parameters, drill specifications, and bone properties. However, it remains a problem to more accurately determine the behavior of the bone and the corresponding actual drilling conditions, as these factors and their effects are closely related. To accurately predict the temperature rise during bone drilling using experimental and computational models, it is necessary to understand the geometry, mechanical behavior, and thermal properties of the bone tissue. Therefore, it is important to analyze the bone as a thermo-mechanical element to predict its behavior. This article reviews the basic concepts of bone biomechanics, its complex hierarchical structure, and its mechanical and thermal properties at the macroscopic and microscopic levels. It also highlights the factors that influence the large variability in the mechanical behavior of bone, as well as the studies on the thermomechanical conditions of bone drilling. Many recent experimental and theoretical studies have investigated the influence of drilling techniques on the mechanical and thermal responses during bone drilling. Regardless of the used technique, there is a wide range of variation in the mechanical and thermal response of bone. This is constantly related to structural factors and is dependent on the direction of loading. This comprehensive review can help surgeons and drill manufacturers understand recent improvements through optimal strategies to reduce or limit thermal damage during bone drilling.
Keywords
biomechanics, Bone properties, Cortical structure, implants, Bone machining
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