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COBEF 2023
12th Brazilian Congress on Manufacturing Engineering
EFFECTS OF PTA DEPOSITION PARAMETERS ON GEOMETRY AND HARDNESS OF AISI 316L SINGLE-TRACKS
Submission Author:
Gustavo Scheid Prass , SC
Co-Authors:
Gustavo Scheid Prass, Pedro Weiss Mattioli, Ana Sofia D'Oliveira
Presenter: Gustavo Scheid Prass
doi://10.26678/ABCM.COBEF2023.COF23-0256
Abstract
Directed Energy Deposition (DED) is an Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology involving the layer-by-layer building of components close to their final geometry. One of the main applications of DED is the repair of metallic components, since the technique offers good control over composition and microstructure, minimizing the impact on the existing part. Typically, DED processes use an electric arc or high-density energy beam as a heat source and metallic powder or wire as feedstock. However, the control of geometrical features is more demanding than in machining processes, a consequence of the nature of the feedstock, the heat source and the process itself. Therefore, it is required to obtain continuous, defect-free single-track walls to manufacture multilayer walls and more complex geometries. In repair operations, the impact of the deposition process on the damaged component should be minimized. Within this context, Plasma Transferred Arc (PTA) is a well-known process for applying coating on metallic materials, guaranteeing a good metallurgical bond between the substrate and the deposited material. PTA-DED process has a low carbon footprint when compared with other processes and offers significant competitive advantages for which a known behavior of processing variables is required. This study is part of an ongoing project and it addresses the effects of deposition current and deposition velocity on the geometry of single-track AISI 316L. The relationship between processing parameters, processability, and hardness is identified and discussed as a useful database to select AM maintenance procedures. A Design of Experiment (DoE), for single-track AISI 316L, deposited on AISI 304L plates, varying two factors were adopted, deposition current (4 levels) and deposition velocity (3 levels), totaling 12 sets of parameters. Statistical analysis showed that both factors alter the dilution with the substrate, while a higher current increased the dilution the velocity had the opposite effect. The results also revealed that both deposition parameters greatly affected the wettability, hence the geometry of the single tracks. The DoE allowed for a good predictive estimate of the interaction with a part being repaired and the refurbishing of its geometry by AM. This research points out that the geometry, microstructure, and hardness of the first deposited track play an important role in the quality and properties of subsequent multilayer builds, required to recover the part geometry or even add functionalities.
Keywords
Additive manufacturing, Directed Energy Deposition, Plasma Transferred Arc, Design of Experiment (DOE)
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