Eventos Anais de eventos
COBEM 2021
26th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering
Impact of aortic valve topology in the hemodynamic flow patterns in the ascending aorta
Submission Author:
Enrico Luigi Moreira Perocco , RJ , Brazil
Co-Authors:
Enrico Luigi Moreira Perocco, Rodrigo Gelio, ivan fernney ibanez aguilar, BRUNO AZEVEDO, Angela Nieckele
Presenter: Enrico Luigi Moreira Perocco
doi://10.26678/ABCM.COBEM2021.COB2021-2284
Abstract
The use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis in bioengineering is increasing very rapidly since this approach provides useful information that is difficult to obtain clinically. Aiming to assist medical doctors to diagnose diseases and engineers to project equipment related to the human heart, several works can be found in the literature studying the blood flow in the human aorta. Due to the complexity of the geometry and flow, many of these works employ a simplified model of the human aorta and do not consider a realistic model of the aortic valve. In this work, the impact of the aortic valve geometry in the blood flow behavior inside a specific patient's aorta was performed by comparing it with the simple representation of the aorta valve as an orifice. For such analysis, a realistic 3D model of the human aorta was generated through the segmentation process based on a three-dimensional computed angiotomography exam of the patient. A 3D model of the aortic valve was developed based on dimensions found in the specialized literature. At the systole peak, the flow rate is high, and combined with the large diameter of the vessel, the flow behaves as turbulent. Thus, the RANS methodology was employed to obtain the flow field, where the turbulent viscosity was determined with the two-equation κ-ω SST turbulence model. The flow was numerically determined with the commercial software ANSYS Fluent. Through the analysis of hemodynamics variables such as pressure, velocity, and turbulent quantities, coherent structures were identified in the ascending aorta. It was also possible to determine regions with higher stress in the aortic wall, which is an important task since high-stress values can be related to diseases such as aortic aneurism. The present analysis showed that a simple model can provide similar main flow structures as well as stress distributions in the ascending wall as the most realistic representation of the aortic valve geometry.
Keywords
Aortic Valve, aorta, CFD, hemodynamics
