Eventos Anais de eventos
COBEM 2021
26th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering
Use of natural fibers in 3D preforms of composites materials: a review
Submission Author:
Rafael Pacheco Evangelista , BA
Co-Authors:
Rafael Pacheco Evangelista, Mirtânia Leão, Aldemiro Rocha Palma, Gislane Nunes de Andrade, Peter Menezes dos Reis Júnior, Carlos Alberto França Junior
Presenter: Carlos Alberto França Junior
doi://10.26678/ABCM.COBEM2021.COB2021-2000
Abstract
Composite materials are types of advanced materials used in various engineering applications. Polymeric composites reinforced with synthetic fibers are quite common, but concerns about their cost, recyclability and the energy spent on their manufacturing lead researchers to investigate the feasibility of using natural fibers instead. Natural fibers, however, have some limitations in their mechanical properties and durability. A common solution to improve the mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced composites is to change the quality of the fiber matrix interface, but another solution can bring improvements, which is the change in the reinforcement shapes. This review aimed to study the fibers and the differences between 2D fabrics and 3D preforms used as composites reinforcements. In the first part, the main natural fibers used today as composites reinforcements are presented, focusing on bast fibers, which are the type of fiber mostly used as polymeric composite reinforcement. The review goes on to analyze 3D fabrics preforms and compare them to 2D fabrics, since depending on the way the fibers are sewn, some of their mechanical properties can be improved. The composites reinforced with 3D preforms show better resistance to delamination and impact, but all research studied were done over synthetic fibers. For this reason the last section of this article reviews how natural fibers react to impact tests, to see if it is feasible to use them, shaped as 3D preforms, as reinforcement in polymeric matrix composites. The review showed good resistance to impact of natural fibers, especially after chemical treatment and with the increment of their volume fraction. The conclusion of this review is that both 3D preforms and natural fibers show good resistance to impact and that using natural fibers shaped as 3D preforms can be a way to create composites reinforced with natural fibers that can withstand impact loads.
Keywords
natural fibers, Impact Test, 3D preforms, laminate composites, polymeric matrix composite
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