Eventos Anais de eventos
COBEM 2021
26th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering
Challenges and opportunities of robotization in agricultural greenhouses
Submission Author:
Lucas Bernardon Machado , SC
Co-Authors:
Lucas Bernardon Machado, João Camilo, Antonio Carlos Valdiero, Henrique Simas, Daniel Martins
Presenter: Lucas Bernardon Machado
doi://10.26678/ABCM.COBEM2021.COB2021-0855
Abstract
The presence of robots in agriculture has grown significantly over the years, overcoming many problems and challenges in this area. This work aims to identify research and development opportunities in automation and robotization of agricultural greenhouses based on the survey of updated state-of-the-art information regarding the application of robots in protected cultivation agriculture. The rapid expansion and development of new technologies, together with the change in the agricultural scenario, subsidize several opportunities for the development of automated robotic systems for the most diverse activities in the area. Therefore, it is possible to reconcile the most diverse researches involving robotic applications in greenhouses, such as robot positioning techniques, autonomous navigation methods by algorithms, development of compact harvesting mechanisms, weed control, spraying, irrigation, among other factors. control, such as temperature and humidity, making protected cultivation sites totally autonomous, resulting in the well-known “smart greenhouses”. All of these recent advances in robotics allow the application of mobile robots for greenhouse tasks, which consequently reduces manual operation and workload, improving the entire efficiency chain, from planting to harvest, of fruits and vegetables in question. This work deals to contribute to the definition of the main project requirements for the automation of protected crops based on the analysis of the needs of functional modules. Despite the availability of a variety of innovative technologies, such as GPS, embedded electronics, computer vision, advanced control algorithms and a variety of sensors, we conclude that there is a gap in the research and design of suitable mechanisms to carry out the necessary tasks with self-alignment, low cost, security and reliability. However, the main objective of this article is to emphasize and briefly detail the robotization systems in existing greenhouses, combining this aspect with the massive demand of the sector, in addition to structuring and systematizing the new opportunities for obtaining a fully autonomous and robotic greenhouse. Thus, it will be possible to define the main requirements for protected cultivation, analyze the active mechanisms and their activation and identify the technologies that have been used until now. Eventually, this work aims to serve a reference for new challenges in future researches and improvements for “smart greenhouses” in terms hardware and software solutions increasing the efficiency in requirementes control (temperature, humidity, distribution of fertilizers and inputs, pest control) and the speed of planting and harvesting inside the greenhouses, considering that such space is limited and controlled.
Keywords
Mechanism Analysis, Agriculture Machinery, Smart Greenhouses, Robotic Greenhouse
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