Eventos Anais de eventos
COBEM 2021
26th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering
MATHEMATICAL MODELING AND SIMULATION OF A MECHANICAL VENTILATOR WITH HEATING AND AIR HUMIDIFICATION FOR INTENSIVE CARE UNITS
Submission Author:
Lauber Martins , Mi , United States
Co-Authors:
Francisco Kleber Regis Castro, Murilo Gasparin Rampi, Isabela Fernanda Rocha Corrêa, Lauber Martins, JOSÉ VIRIATO COELHO VARGAS, Fernando Gallego Dias
Presenter: Francisco Kleber Regis Castro
doi://10.26678/ABCM.COBEM2021.COB2021-0805
Abstract
Mechanical ventilators are machines built to help patients that are clinically unstable or in bad general condition, not able to spontaneously breathe. That is the case of patients who are infected with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The temperature and the absolute humidity of the trachea of a healthy person varies between 32 and 34oC and 25 and 35 mgH2O L-1 respectively, with relative humidity of approximately 95%. The temperature and relative humidity of the air supplied to patients connected to a ventilator varies between 32 and 34oC and between 95 and 100%, respectively. International recommendations standardize that the supplied air must have 100% relative humidity, absolute humidity between 36 and 40mgH2O L-1and temperature between 31 and 35oC. We herein present a mathematical model of a mechanical ventilator that supplies air with properties recommended by international guidelines, which will impose less discomfort to the patients during intubation and a fast recovery, leading to quicker discharge making equipment and beds more promptly available to others. The model will be used for real time control of temperature and humidity of the air in the interface machine/patient (mouth) to keep the insufflated air in conditions recommended by the protocols. The model will be a design tool for ventilators, since it controls in real time parameters as temperature and humidity avoiding to inflict other medical conditions to the patients as for example hypothermia, hyperthermia, mucus, lesions in the bronchial tree, mucosal ulceration, inflammation, reduction in pulmonary complacency and ciliostasis.
Keywords
Mechanical ventilator, Volume Element Model (VEM), Optimization
