Eventos Anais de eventos
COBEM 2021
26th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering
Conceptual design of a domestic polymer shredder
Submission Author:
Guilherme Maier Slaviero , RS
Co-Authors:
Guilherme Maier Slaviero, César Gabriel dos Santos, LEONARDO NABAES ROMANO
Presenter: Guilherme Maier Slaviero
doi://10.26678/ABCM.COBEM2021.COB2021-0595
Abstract
According to reports published by the World Wide Fund for Nature - WWF (2019), there is an urgent need for a global agreement to contain plastic pollution that has been advancing in recent years. Brazil is currently in the 4th position of the countries that generate the most plastic waste, where only a small portion is effectively recycled. The lack of recycling results in alternatives that are not environmentally friendly, such as incineration or outdoors disposal. Therefore, the need for an affordable polymer recycling becomes evident. Taking this into account, the use of a systematic procedure for the elaboration of mechanical projects has the benefit of generating accurate and complete results, according to the objectives of the current project. This article aims to determinate the design concept of a domestic machine for shredding polymers. The model of Product Design Methodology adopted was PRODIP (Industrial Products Development Process), and the Conceptual Design Phase was developed, which consists of five activities: elaboration of the Functional Structure of the Product; the Morphological Matrix; alternative conceptions; Selection Matrix and the presentation of the selected design. For this, the essential design problems were identified, the global function of the product and its sub-functions were elaborated, the solution principles for each sub-function were defined, different solution principles were combined through a morphological matrix, possible combinations of conceptions were selected, and finally, the initial solution was determined through an evaluation matrix. As a result, the global function of the product is defined as “Shredding polymers of different sizes through a safe operation”. Based on this, the Functional Structure of the polymer shredder system breaks down the global function into four Partial Functions and finally divided into thirteen Elementary Functions. Combining the solution principles for each elementary function, three alternative conceptions were generated. The conceptions were evaluated in the selection matrix, with conception B having the highest score. Its grinding mechanism is shredder type, which consists of blades arranged in two parallel axes. The hopper has a lid and the system must be powered by a single-phase motor together with a reducer to obtain the necessary torque for grinding plastic. The research concludes that the conception that meets the objectives and specifications of the project the best, is the conception B.
Keywords
mechanical design, Project Methodology, Recycling
