Eventos Anais de eventos
COBEM 2021
26th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering
PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS OF A UNITARY DENTAL PROSTHESIS OVER-IMPLANT USING FINITE ELEMENT MODELS
Submission Author:
Matheus Andrade , SP
Co-Authors:
Matheus Andrade, Bruno Agostinho Hernandez, Marília Togashi, EDSON CAPELLO SOUSA
Presenter: Matheus Andrade
doi://10.26678/ABCM.COBEM2021.COB2021-0456
Abstract
Dental prostheses over-implants have been widely used in the treatment of patients with tooth loss or damage. Despite a high success rate, mechanical failures still occur; many of which are likely caused by a lack of osseointegration. The osseointegration process is directly dependant on geometrical and structural characteristics of the prosthesis-implant system, which can generate high stress levels in the bone, leading to bone-absorption. Therefore, the best geometrical configuration should always be aimed. In this context, parametric and optimization analysis are frequent used to find the best geometrical parameters leading to better stress levels on the bone. However, such analyses are time-consuming as new simulations are required whenever an optimization is needed. Creating a mathematical function that represents the implant-system mechanical behaviour would reduce the time and the number of simulations required for optimization studies. The Finite Element Method (FEM) has been widely applied to the development of new prostheses due to its ability to analyse complex structures. This study aimed to perform a parametric analysis of a unitary dental prosthesis over-implant using the Finite Element Method, and develop a representative mathematical function of the structural behaviour of this prosthesis as a function of its physical parameters: implant height, abutment height, cortical bone stiffness, and applied load. Twenty-five finite element models, each one containing one implant, one abutment, one porcelain crown, two screws, and a mandibular bone, but with different combinations of the previously defined parameters, were generated using Ansys v2019 software (ANSYS Inc.,USA). Design-Of-Experiments (DOE), through Central-Composite-Face-Centred (CCF) model, and the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were applied, and a mathematical function representing the prosthesis structural behaviour was developed. Through this function, the parameters were analysed and the responses were obtained in terms of von Mises stress levels in the region of the bone-implant interface. It was possible to analyse the sensitivity of each parameter and its influence on bone stress levels: all parameters linearly influenced the response, with the applied load being the most relevant. The use of a mathematical function representing the prosthesis system resulted in a more agile process to estimate critical stress levels, as it was possible to obtain a variety of data in different geometrical scenarios and evaluate the stresses in the structure and the bone region, without the need for extra computational simulations using finite element models, which are more costly. These functions will be now used in an optimization process of biomechanical structures.
Keywords
Parametric analysis, Dental Prosthesis, Finite Element Method, design of experiments, Response Surface Methodology
