Eventos Anais de eventos
COBEM 2021
26th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering
Thermal management of batteries applied on vessel hybrid power systems
Submission Author:
Gustavo Passeti Andrade da Silva , SP , Brazil
Co-Authors:
Gustavo Passeti Andrade da Silva, Bruno Carmo
Presenter: Gustavo Passeti Andrade da Silva
doi://10.26678/ABCM.COBEM2021.COB2021-0367
Abstract
Stricter emission regulations established in the Paris Agreement and Kyoto Protocol are paving a path toward electrification of power systems. At first, the mentioned agreements did not have specific goals for the maritime field. Nonetheless, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) took action and set some audacious goals to 2050. Now, the marine sector is looking for ways of making their ships and vessels more environmentally friendly. Hybridization looks promising as a short to medium term solution, while aiming at IMO goals. Studies suggest that a 10-35% reduction on emissions is possible depending on the hybrid power system architecture used. Usually, that kind of system contains a battery pack as an energy storage system (ESS), associated with a thermal management system (TMS). The TMS is a way of ensuring safe and efficient operation of the batteries. It uses a fluid to exchange heat with the battery cells, to avoid undesired situations like overheating or, in some cases, operation under extremely low temperatures. This paper will focus on the development of two TMS that are capable of controlling a battery pack temperature. The first one is based on forced air cooling and will use a non-linear model predictive control (NMPC) to determine the air mass flux (through fan power) and reference air temperature to keep the battery temperature at a desired value. This controller is associated with a HVAC NMPC, which is responsible for tracking room temperature according to the reference air temperature from the previous controller. The other thermal management system is based on indirect liquid cooling, where aluminium pipes allow a water-glycol mixture to flow between the battery cells and not directly contact them, what could be dangerous. In this case, the entire schematic will be the same as the forced air cooling, but the controllers will determine pump power, reference fluid temperature and the tracking will be done through a chiller. Finally, a comparison between both thermal management systems will be drawn, analyzing performance, feasibility, effectiveness and cost comparison to understand which one would be a better choice for ships and vessels application.
Keywords
Battery Thermal Management Systems, hybrid power systems, marine vessels, Non- linear model predictive control
