Eventos Anais de eventos
COBEM 2017
24th ABCM International Congress of Mechanical Engineering
DESIGN OF WIND TURBINE OF LOW POWER FOR COAST ZONES IN COLOMBIA
Submission Author:
RUBEN DARIO HERNANDEZ BELEÑO , Cundinamarca , Colombia
Co-Authors:
Luis Carlos, RUBEN DARIO HERNANDEZ BELEÑO
Presenter: Luis Carlos
doi://10.26678/ABCM.COBEM2017.COB17-1944
Abstract
Currently, the Earth is in environmental crisis because of pollution and the constant increase in temperature. The greenhouse effect has been increased in recent decades by industrial growth, these emissions impact the climate overall balance by making changes in the conditions for the survival of life on the planet. At the end of this century, it is estimated that the Earth's average temperature could increase between 3-4 degrees Celsius; in this way, the human has been concerned by solving the problems caused identifying and generating solutions for clean energy that minimize the effects of global warming. The sources fossils affect the environment of form abrupt. What has generated the use of new non-conventional renewable energy, a global initiative that is aimed at the use of unlimited resources such as wind, solar radiation and biomass, among others. Considering the presented issues, the project considers the development of a wind turbine for taking advantage of air currents in an area identified in Colombia. Firstly, are based on analysis of the winds in the entire Colombian territory, characterizing the areas of greatest influence through a statistical analysis of the speeds and wind directions. Once the zone of influence has been characterized, determines the type of wind turbine that allows the generation of clean and renewable energy taking advantage of air currents in the surface. The main performance is the transformation of energy, using the kinetic energy prevalent in air currents to transform it into mechanical energy causing a shift in the rotor of the turbine and finally turning it into electricity through a generator or Dynamo. It has been compared between different turbines models according to the zonal study it is concluded that the most appropriate rotor is type Diarrieus. With the numerical values of the wind potential in various locations, is the design of the aerodynamic profile of the blade module. Using as references the aero foils NACA (National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics) evaluating the coefficient of power of different profiles is determined suitable for the simultaneous in the project. The Qblade software, which is a tool for the analysis of aerodynamic profiles and allows you to determine the type of aerodynamic profile suitable for turbine is used for this. With a profile selected, is applicable to the elaboration of the rotor and it structure that includes the mechanism. Within the design parameters are considered three fundamental elements for the turbine: generator that is responsible for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, the system of transfer (gearbox) it becomes high and low rotation speed potential of the axle shaft speed suitable for the operation of the engine and the rotor by identifying its three main parts (nose, hub and blades). With the data obtained, was compared and characterized wind potential in the areas of observation, which were used to delimit individual parameters for the construction of the wind turbine allowing implementing the simulation of vertical shafts to make an approximation on the behavior of the design. Once designed the system, considering the type of blades and identifying an indicator of efficiency in each one of them to compare their efficiency with different types of wind turbines (vertical and horizontal). This analysis establishes that the parameters of design for the wind turbine proposed are precise and guarantee the good performance of the prototype.
Keywords
energy efficiency, mechanical design, renewable energy, wind turbine
