Eventos Anais de eventos
ENCIT 2016
16th Brazilian Congress of Thermal Sciences and Engineering
TECHNICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES OF HYDROGEN PRODUCTION PROCESSES FROM BIOGAS AND YOUR USE IN PEMFC
Submission Author:
Gabriel Bricio Nobrega de Oliveira , SP
Co-Authors:
Agnelo Marotta Cassula, Regina Franciélle Silva Paulino, José Luz Silveira
Presenter: Gabriel Bricio Nobrega de Oliveira
doi://10.26678/ABCM.ENCIT2016.CIT2016-0500
Abstract
High energy demand required for the continuity of industrial, commercial and residential activities, and the consequential environmental pollution caused by emissions of greenhouse gases are reasons that emphasize studies of power generation from renewable resources. It is necessary to obtain greater levels of reliability in the availability of generated energy, because of the intermittent characteristics of renewable energy generation. One option to solve this problem, which is proved to be very effective, is the energy storage. In this context, fuel cell receives particular attention. Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert chemical energy of certain fuels to electrical energy without combustion, with higher efficiency and lower emission of greenhouse gases. However, to make fuel cell viable, it is necessary to develop effective and sustainable technologies for hydrogen production. It is possible to implement Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) in distributed generation, which avoids losses in power transmission. Therefore, biogas is one of the options to diversify energy sources, allowing to a planned use together with conventional sources, contributing to increase the electricity generation. This paper aims to study the technical and ecological issues of two hydrogen production processes from biogas and furthermore study the electricity generation of both processes through a PEMFC. The first process is the use of biogas in an internal combustion engine coupled with an electric generator to provide electricity to an electrolyzer, which will produce hydrogen from water. The second process is the hydrogen production by steam reforming of biogas. The studies will be based on different types of available and commercialized devices, analyzing the energy required in all processes. A pollution indicator will be used as a parameter to carry out the calculated environmental viability, with the aim of determining the ecological efficiency of all the studied processes.
Keywords
Hydrogen Production, Biogas, Fuel Cell, Technical analysis, Environmental Analysis
