variavel0=<b>MARCIO BUENO DOS SANTOS</b> - bueno@lit.inpe.br INPE
<b>Ezio Castejon Garcia</b> - ezio@mec.ita.br ITA
<b>Dênio Lemos Panissi</b> - panissi@lit.inpe.br INPE
<b>Abstract.</b> With the goal of developing the technique of Space Simulation (SS) using infrared (IR) lamps as source of thermal radiation, the team of the Thermal Vacuum Laboratory of LIT/INPE designed and calibrated radiometers to measure and control the thermal radiation absorbed by the external surfaces of satellites, when they are submitted to SS. Radiometers were developed for four different types of surfaces of satellites. The calibration was accomplished in thermal vacuum chamber. The thermal convection was eliminated with vacuum (10-5 Pa) and the thermal radiation generated by the shroud was eliminated through low temperature of the shroud (-165°C). The main results obtained were radiometers with high accuracy, quick time of response, low cost of manufacturing, and small size in order to minimize the shadow effect on satellite surfaces.
<b>Keywords.</b> radiometer, space simulation, thermal radiation, satellite, thermal control.