COBEM99

S1 Análise de Sistemas Energéticos

Title:

A COGERAÇÃO DE ELETRICIDADE NO SETOR DE PAPEL E CELULOSE: AVALIAÇÃO TÉCNICA E ECONÔMICA

Summary :

ABSTRACT. BRAZILIAN PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY IS AMONG THE HIGHEST ELECTRICITY CONSUMERS IN THE COUNTRY, WITH A CONSUMPTION OF 10,000GWH (1997), CORRESPONDING TO 8% OF THE CONSUMPTION IN THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR. HOWEVER, DESPITE THE HIGH AMOUNT OF BY-PRODUCTS FROM THE PULP PROCESS, ITS ENERGY SELF-PRODUCTION IS STILL QUITE REDUCED. ON THE OTHER HAND, FOSSIL FUEL CONSUMPTION IS PRESENTING A SIGNIFICANT GROWTH, WHILE RENEWABLE FUEL S CONSUMPTION IS DECREASING WITH A CONSEQUENT RISE ON THE EMISSION OF POLLUTANT GASES. THEREFORE, THIS PAPER ANALYSES A GROUP OF BRAZILIAN (INTEGRATED) PULP/PAPER INDUSTRIES, WHOSE PRODUCTION CORRESPONDS TO AROUND 47% OF GLOBAL PRODUCTION IN THE COUNTRY, AIMING THE INTRODUCTION OF MORE EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES WITH LOWER ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS. FIRSTLY, THE CURRENT SITUATION OF EACH SELECTED INDUSTRY WAS ANALYZED FROM THE TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT DEVELOPED; THEN THE COGENERATION POTENTIAL WAS EVALUATED WITH THE INTRODUCTION OF MORE EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES. FUELS ADOPTED WERE MAINLY BIOMASS AND/OR NATURAL GAS, CORRESPONDING TO LOWER POLLUTANT EMISSIONS. RESULTS SHOW THAT, DESPITE THE POTENTIAL OF ELECTRICITY GENERATED AND THE ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS, THERE ARE STILL ECONOMIC DIFFICULTIES. GENERATION COSTS ARE NOT COMPETITIVE WITH ELECTRICITY TARIFFS OFFERED BY THE UTILITIES (R$ 43-45/MWH); SO FURTHER MECHANISMS ARE NECESSARY TO IMPLEMENT COGENERATION IN THIS SECTOR. KEY-WORDS: ELECTRICITY, THERMOELECTRIC GENERATION, COGENERATION, BIOMASS, NATURAL GAS

Author :

Coelho, Suani Teixeira
Varkulya Jr., Américo 0
Velazquéz, Silvia M. S. Gonzalez

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